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11.
In order to quantify the influence of land use systems on the level of soil organic matter (SOM) to develop recommendations, long-term field studies are essential. Based on a crop rotation experiment which commenced in 1970, this paper investigated the impact of crop rotations involving increased proportions of sugar beet on SOM content. To this end, soil samples were taken in 2010 and 2012 from the following crop rotation sequences: sugar beet–sugar beet–winter wheat–winter wheat (SB–SB–WW–WW = 50%), sugar beet–sugar beet–sugar beet–winter wheat (SB–SB–SB–WW = 75%), sugar beet–grain maize (SB–GM = 50%) and sugar beet-monoculture (SB = 100%); these were analysed in terms of total organic carbon (TOC) and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) content, MBC/TOC ratio and the TOC stocks per hectare. In addition, humus balances were created (using the software REPRO, reference period 12 years) in order to calculate how well the soil was supplied with organic matter. In the field experiment, harvest by-products (WW and GM straw as well as SB leaves) were removed. After 41 years, no statistically significant differences were measured between the crop rotations for the parameters TOC, MBC, MBC/TOC ratio and the TOC stock per hectare. However, the calculated humus balance was significantly affected by the crop rotation. The calculated humus balance became increasingly negative in the order SB–SB–WW–WW, SB–SB–SB–WW, SB monoculture and SB–GM, and correlated with the soil parameters. The calculated humus balances for the reference period did not reflect the actual demand for organic matter by the crop rotations, but instead overestimated it. 相似文献
12.
喜儿沟水电站调压井深度102m,调压井上部65 m地质条件为冲洪积漂卵砾石层,用沉井法施工调压井,使开挖时的临时支护措施和井筒永久结构相结合,有效避免井壁坍塌,大大降低了安全风险.在漂卵石地层,采取先中间、后预留,对称、均匀地削薄土层,有效地避免了沉井被挟持的现象;在软硬相间不均匀地层,采取先硬基、后软基,有效地避免了刃脚变形和井壁开裂;在胶结砾岩地层,使用液压破碎锤破除胶结砾岩,有效地解决了反铲开挖困难、钻爆开挖效果不佳的问题.并针对出渣量大这一问题,因地制宜地采取了合理的出渣方案,大大提高了出渣效率.喜儿沟水电站调压井沉井法的顺利施工,可供同类工程参考. 相似文献
13.
The feasible control problem is presented for the day-operation of the Three-Gorge Caseade Hydropower Station. The significance of the problem is explained. Basic propetties ofthe problem and the approaches to study it are discussed. Two methfods are given for solving theproblem. which are calculus of variation and linear programming. In the former. the Euler equationwith time-lag and the generalised two-point boundary conditions are obtained and the correspondingpractical implication is interpreted. In the latter. the rationality for the discrete model is exptainedand the computalional details are given for the implement software. some questions which should bepaid much attentfon and the corresponding propeels are prasented based on the numerical results andtheoretical analysis 相似文献
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《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(3):257-266
Abstract Procedures for S determination involving digestion of plant material with HNO3/HClO4 mixtures gave lower values than those using oxygen flask combustion. Tests on a range of S compounds showed that the HNO3/HClO4 procedure underestimated S present in methionine, cysteine and glutathione but S in sulfate and the glucosinolate, sinigrin, was not underestimated. Low recoveries using HNO3/HClO4 digestion procedures can be due both to incomplete oxidation of certain compounds and to gaseous losses during the vigorous boiling stage of digestion. 相似文献
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山毛豆草粉颗粒料对肉兔的饲用价值评定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为探讨山毛豆(Tephrosia candida)草粉对肉兔的饲用价值,将60只新西兰青年肉兔分为5组,分别添加0%(对照),10%,20%,30%和40%的山毛豆草粉制成全价颗粒饲料,饲喂90 d后测定各组饲料的营养成分及肉兔采食量、日增重、料重比和屠宰性能.结果表明:山毛豆营养生长期粗蛋白含量为17.77%,肉兔对山毛豆中粗蛋白的消化率为78.09%,山毛豆的可消化总养分为56.18%.与对照组相比,添加20%草粉日增重达到20.80 g·d-1(P<0.01);料重比为4.45∶ 1(P<0.05);屠宰率为57.78%(P<0.01);单位kg增重平均最低饲料成本差异显著(P<0.05).因此,添加20%山毛豆草粉制成全价颗粒饲料可显著提高肉兔的生产性能和养殖效益. 相似文献
20.
Gatongi PM Njoroge JM Scott ME Ranjan S Gathuma JM Munyua WK Cheruiyot H Prichard RK 《Veterinary parasitology》2003,110(3-4):235-240
Susceptibility to IVM (IVM) of “strain A” Haemonchus contortus which had been exposed to IVM four times over a 2-year period was compared to IVM susceptibility of “strain C” H. contortus which had no prior field exposure to IVM, by in vivo and in vitro methods. In vivo, the percentage reduction in faecal egg counts (FEC) and the total worm counts (TWC) were compared between control animals (lambs and kids) and animals treated with low dose IVM (20 μg/kg). In vitro susceptibility to IVM was evaluated by larval migration inhibition (LMI) after the two strains of H. contortus were exposed to different concentrations of IVM. The dose response, measured as the proportion of larvae inhibited from migrating, was used to estimate LD50. Although differences in response to IVM in the in vivo determinations were not significant, “strain A” H. contortus had a significantly higher LD50 than “strain C” in the LMI assay. Coincident with the conduct of the in vivo experiment, it was observed that “strain A” H. contortus established and survived better than “strain C” in the control lambs. 相似文献